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within our frontiers

  • 1 intérieur

    intérieur, e [ɛ̃teʀjœʀ]
    1. adjective
       a. [paroi, escalier] interior ; [cour] inner
       b. [vie, monde, voix] inner
       c. [politique, dette, marché, vol] domestic ; [communication, navigation] inland
    2. masculine noun
       a. [de tiroir, piste, maison] inside
    • à l'intérieur de l'entreprise [promotion, corruption] within the company ; [stage, formation] in-house
    • fermé/vu de l'intérieur locked/viewed from the inside
       b. [de pays] interior
       c. ( = décor, mobilier) interior
    * * *

    1.
    intérieure ɛ̃teʀjœʀ adjectif
    1) ( au-dedans) [mur, escalier, température] internal, interior; [cour] inner; [mer] inland; [poche] inside; [frontière] internal
    2) ( d'un pays) domestic
    3) ( d'une organisation) internal
    4) ( intime) inner

    2.
    nom masculin
    1) (de boîte, journal, d'enveloppe, armoire) inside; ( de voiture) interior

    à l'intérieur — inside, indoors

    2) ( habitation) interior

    d'intérieur — [jeu] indoor

    plante d'intérieur — houseplant, indoor plant

    3) ( de pays) interior
    * * *
    ɛ̃teʀjœʀ intérieur, -e
    1. adj
    1) (mur, escalier) interior, (cour) inner, (poche) inside
    2) (calme, vie) inner
    3) (commerce, politique) domestic, (marché) domestic, home modif (lignes, vols) domestic, internal
    4) (règlement) internal
    5) (navigation) inland
    2. nm
    1) [maison, récipient] inside

    Il fait plus frais à l'intérieur. — It's cooler inside.

    à l'intérieur de [maison, récipient] — inside

    Il fait plus frais à l'intérieur de la maison. — It's cooler inside the house.

    2) [communauté] within
    3) [pays] interior
    4) (décor, mobilier) interior

    l'Intérieur — the Department of the Interior, the Home Office Grande-Bretagne

    le ministre de l'intérieur — the Minister of the Interior, the Home Secretary Grande-Bretagne

    6)
    7)
    * * *
    A adj
    1 ( au-dedans) [mur, escalier, température] internal, interior; [cour] inner; [mer] inland; [poche] inside; [frontière] internal; côté intérieur inside; pour l'aménagement intérieur de votre maison for the interior decoration of your house; lire notre article en pages intérieures read our article inside;
    2 ( d'un pays) [politique, marché, consommation, conflit] domestic; [ligne, vol, réseau] domestic; sur le plan intérieur on the domestic front;
    3 ( d'une organisation) [règlement, organisation] internal;
    4 ( intime) [vie, sentiment, nécessité, voix] inner.
    B nm
    1 (de boîte, journal, d'enveloppe, armoire) inside; ( de voiture) interior; fermé de l'intérieur locked from the inside; à l'intérieur inside, indoors; les enfants jouent à l'intérieur the children are playing inside; à l'intérieur de inside; à l'intérieur des frontières/de la ville/du périmètre inside the borders/town/perimeter; à l'intérieur du régime/parti inside the regime/party; à l'intérieur des terres inland;
    2 ( habitation) interior; fière de son intérieur proud of her home; d'intérieur [jeu] indoor; plante d'intérieur houseplant, indoor plant;
    3 ( de pays) interior; sur la côte et à l'intérieur du pays on the coast and inland; les villes de l'intérieur the inland towns;
    4 Sport intérieur gauche/droit inside-left/right.
    ( féminin intérieure) [ɛ̃terjɶr] adjectif
    1. [du dedans] inside, inner
    2. [sentiment, vie] inner
    3. [national - ligne aérienne] domestic, internal ; [ - politique, marché] domestic
    4. [interne] internal
    5. GÉOGRAPHIE [désert, mer] inland
    ————————
    nom masculin
    1. [d'un objet] inside, interior
    [d'un continent, d'un pays]
    l'intérieur de l'île the interior of the island, the hinterland
    2. [foyer, décor] interior, home
    tenir un intérieur to housekeep, to keep house
    homme d'intérieur, femme d'intérieur homebody
    l'Intérieur ≃ the Home Office (UK), ≃ the Department of the Interior (US)
    intérieur droit/gauche inside right/left
    ————————
    à l'intérieur locution adverbiale
    1. [dedans] inside
    2. [dans la maison] inside, indoors
    ————————
    à l'intérieur de locution prépositionnelle
    1. [lieu] in, inside
    à l'intérieur des frontières within ou inside the frontiers
    2. [groupe] within
    ————————
    de l'intérieur locution adverbiale
    1. [d'un lieu] from (the) inside
    2. [d'un groupe] from within

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > intérieur

  • 2 límite

    m.
    1 limit, boundary, border, borderline.
    2 breaking point.
    3 limit, cap.
    4 ora, edge.
    * * *
    1 (extremo) limit; (en un terreno) boundary
    2 (frontera) boundary
    \
    sin límites boundless
    todo tiene un límite there's a limit to everything
    límite de velocidad speed limit
    * * *
    noun m.
    2) border, boundary
    * * *
    1. SM
    1) [gen] limit

    podrá presentarse cualquiera, sin límite de edad — anyone can apply, regardless o irrespective of age, anyone can apply, there's no age limit

    eran exámenes larguísimos, sin límite de tiempo — the exams were very long, there was no time limit

    • como o de límite, tenemos como o de límite el sábado para presentar el trabajo — the deadline for submitting our work is Saturday

    • poner (un) límite a, han puesto un límite de participantes — they have put a limit o restriction on the number of participants

    nos pusieron un límite de dinero para gastar — they put a restriction on o limited the amount of money we had to spend

    pretenden poner límite a la investigación sobre embriones — they aim to put tighter controls on research into embryos, they aim to restrict o curb research into embryos

    • sin límites — limitless

    • no tener límites — to know no bounds

    límite de crédito — (Com) credit limit

    2) (Geog, Pol) boundary, border

    límite forestal — tree line, timber line

    3) (Inform)
    4) (=final) end
    2.
    ADJ INV extreme, maximum
    * * *
    1) (Geog, Pol) boundary
    2)
    a) ( cifra máxima) limit

    poner un límite a algo — to limit o restrict something

    b) (tope, extremo) limit

    bondad sin límites — unlimited o boundless goodness

    3) (como adj inv)
    * * *
    = bound, boundary, cut-off point, to what extent, borderline, frontier, confine, fringe, limit, cut off [cutoff], shore, breaking point, ceiling.
    Ex. A subject which is perceived as being entirely contained within the bounds of another will have its 'circle' totally within the boundaries of the domain for the broader subject.
    Ex. Note the different definitions, and the different boundaries for this one subject area.
    Ex. The names of Muslim authors throughout the classical period, for which the cut-off point is around the year 1800, were made up of the following elements.
    Ex. Clearly an index must permit access to a document by its central theme, but, to what extent should access be provided to secondary or subsidiary topics considered within a document?.
    Ex. Both approaches have in common, however, the problem of establishing a borderline between public interest and private initiative.
    Ex. Start afresh, think anew; the frontiers are boundless.
    Ex. For a century we have been repeating inanities and keeping up this timid, non-committal retreat from society, but if we think of ourselves as communicating librarians we may see our inescapable involvement within the confines (but the illimitable confines) of our profession.
    Ex. The university is located 15 miles from the center of town on the southern fringe.
    Ex. The Catalogue Module has no limit on the length of a record, and a single field can be up to 200 characters in length.
    Ex. It is assumed that the sum of those units receiving top priority status is less than the current budgeted amount and that a cut off will occur at some point.
    Ex. People have employed this term to encompass programmes of study stretching from the furthest shores of technology-based activity to the vaguest and most nebulous-seeming courses of study in the arts/humanities areas.
    Ex. Every night thousands of illegal aliens cross into Arizona and the people there are truly at the breaking point.
    Ex. The Taiwan government is planning to lift the subsidy ceiling for solar equipment makers aiming to increase self-sufficiency to 80%.
    ----
    * alcanzar el límite de = reach + the limits of.
    * alcanzar el límite de + Posesivo + capacidad = stretch + Nombre + beyond the breaking point, stretch + Nombre + to breaking point, stretch + Nombre + to the limit.
    * alcanzar el límite de + Posesivo + posibilidades = reach + the limits of + Posesivo + potential.
    * averiguar el límite de Algo = plumb + the depths of.
    * confudir los límites entre = blur + the lines between.
    * confundir los límites entre = blur + the boundaries between.
    * con límites impuestos por uno mismo = self-limiting.
    * dentro de los límites de = within the bounds of.
    * dentro de unos límites = within limits.
    * desaparición de los límites = blurring of boundaries.
    * desdibujar los límites = blur + the lines between.
    * establecer límites = draw + limits.
    * establecer un límite = set + limit.
    * exceder un límite = exceed + limit.
    * fecha límite = cut-off date, closing date, deadline.
    * fijar un límite = set + cut-off point.
    * hasta el límite de = to the limits of.
    * hasta el límite de las posibilidades de Algo = to + Posesivo + full potential.
    * la imaginación no tiene límites = your imagination is the limit.
    * límite de edad = age limit.
    * límite de las nieves perpetuas = snowline.
    * límite de tiempo = time limit.
    * límite de velocidad = speed limit.
    * límite fluctuante = moving wall.
    * límite inferior = lower bound.
    * límite máximo = upper limit.
    * límite, punto de ruptura = breaking point.
    * límites + desaparecer = boundaries + crumble.
    * límites de una propiedad = metes and bounds.
    * límite superior = upper limit, upper bound.
    * llegar al límite = reach + the breaking point.
    * llegar al límite de + Posesivo + capacidad = stretch + Nombre + beyond the breaking point, stretch + Nombre + to breaking point, stretch + Nombre + to the limit.
    * llevar a Alguien al límite = push + Alguien + over the edge, drive + Alguien + over the edge.
    * llevar al límite = stretch.
    * marcar los límites = mark out.
    * no existir límites = there + be + no limit.
    * no haber límites = there + be + no limit.
    * no hay límite(s) = the sky is the limit.
    * no tener límite = have + no limit.
    * no tener límites = be boundless.
    * pasarse del límite = overrun [over-run].
    * ser el límite = be the limit.
    * sin límite = without limit, without stint, interminably.
    * sin límite(s) = unbounded, unfettered, unstinting, unstintingly, the sky is the limit.
    * * *
    1) (Geog, Pol) boundary
    2)
    a) ( cifra máxima) limit

    poner un límite a algo — to limit o restrict something

    b) (tope, extremo) limit

    bondad sin límites — unlimited o boundless goodness

    3) (como adj inv)
    * * *
    = bound, boundary, cut-off point, to what extent, borderline, frontier, confine, fringe, limit, cut off [cutoff], shore, breaking point, ceiling.

    Ex: A subject which is perceived as being entirely contained within the bounds of another will have its 'circle' totally within the boundaries of the domain for the broader subject.

    Ex: Note the different definitions, and the different boundaries for this one subject area.
    Ex: The names of Muslim authors throughout the classical period, for which the cut-off point is around the year 1800, were made up of the following elements.
    Ex: Clearly an index must permit access to a document by its central theme, but, to what extent should access be provided to secondary or subsidiary topics considered within a document?.
    Ex: Both approaches have in common, however, the problem of establishing a borderline between public interest and private initiative.
    Ex: Start afresh, think anew; the frontiers are boundless.
    Ex: For a century we have been repeating inanities and keeping up this timid, non-committal retreat from society, but if we think of ourselves as communicating librarians we may see our inescapable involvement within the confines (but the illimitable confines) of our profession.
    Ex: The university is located 15 miles from the center of town on the southern fringe.
    Ex: The Catalogue Module has no limit on the length of a record, and a single field can be up to 200 characters in length.
    Ex: It is assumed that the sum of those units receiving top priority status is less than the current budgeted amount and that a cut off will occur at some point.
    Ex: People have employed this term to encompass programmes of study stretching from the furthest shores of technology-based activity to the vaguest and most nebulous-seeming courses of study in the arts/humanities areas.
    Ex: Every night thousands of illegal aliens cross into Arizona and the people there are truly at the breaking point.
    Ex: The Taiwan government is planning to lift the subsidy ceiling for solar equipment makers aiming to increase self-sufficiency to 80%.
    * alcanzar el límite de = reach + the limits of.
    * alcanzar el límite de + Posesivo + capacidad = stretch + Nombre + beyond the breaking point, stretch + Nombre + to breaking point, stretch + Nombre + to the limit.
    * alcanzar el límite de + Posesivo + posibilidades = reach + the limits of + Posesivo + potential.
    * averiguar el límite de Algo = plumb + the depths of.
    * confudir los límites entre = blur + the lines between.
    * confundir los límites entre = blur + the boundaries between.
    * con límites impuestos por uno mismo = self-limiting.
    * dentro de los límites de = within the bounds of.
    * dentro de unos límites = within limits.
    * desaparición de los límites = blurring of boundaries.
    * desdibujar los límites = blur + the lines between.
    * establecer límites = draw + limits.
    * establecer un límite = set + limit.
    * exceder un límite = exceed + limit.
    * fecha límite = cut-off date, closing date, deadline.
    * fijar un límite = set + cut-off point.
    * hasta el límite de = to the limits of.
    * hasta el límite de las posibilidades de Algo = to + Posesivo + full potential.
    * la imaginación no tiene límites = your imagination is the limit.
    * límite de edad = age limit.
    * límite de las nieves perpetuas = snowline.
    * límite de tiempo = time limit.
    * límite de velocidad = speed limit.
    * límite fluctuante = moving wall.
    * límite inferior = lower bound.
    * límite máximo = upper limit.
    * límite, punto de ruptura = breaking point.
    * límites + desaparecer = boundaries + crumble.
    * límites de una propiedad = metes and bounds.
    * límite superior = upper limit, upper bound.
    * llegar al límite = reach + the breaking point.
    * llegar al límite de + Posesivo + capacidad = stretch + Nombre + beyond the breaking point, stretch + Nombre + to breaking point, stretch + Nombre + to the limit.
    * llevar a Alguien al límite = push + Alguien + over the edge, drive + Alguien + over the edge.
    * llevar al límite = stretch.
    * marcar los límites = mark out.
    * no existir límites = there + be + no limit.
    * no haber límites = there + be + no limit.
    * no hay límite(s) = the sky is the limit.
    * no tener límite = have + no limit.
    * no tener límites = be boundless.
    * pasarse del límite = overrun [over-run].
    * ser el límite = be the limit.
    * sin límite = without limit, without stint, interminably.
    * sin límite(s) = unbounded, unfettered, unstinting, unstintingly, the sky is the limit.

    * * *
    A ( Geog, Pol) boundary
    el límite norte del país the country's northern border o boundary
    los límites de la propiedad the boundaries of the property
    B
    no hay límite de tiempo there is no time limit
    el límite de velocidad the speed limit
    no puede gastar lo que quiera, tiene un límite she can't spend what she likes, she has to keep within a limit
    pusieron un límite al número de llamadas they limited o restricted the number of calls
    2 (tope, extremo) limit
    mi paciencia ha llegado a su límite I've reached the limit of my patience
    su generosidad no conoce límites his generosity knows no limits o bounds
    bondad sin límites unlimited o boundless goodness
    la situación está llegando a límites insostenibles the situation is becoming untenable
    no te lo consiento, todo tiene un límite I won't allow it, enough is enough o there are limits
    Compuestos:
    credit limit
    spending limit
    weight limit
    tolerance level
    tiempo límite time limit
    situación límite extreme situation
    es un caso límite it's a borderline case
    fecha límite final date, deadline, closing date
    * * *

     

    Del verbo limitar: ( conjugate limitar)

    limité es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo

    limite es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    limitar    
    límite
    limitar ( conjugate limitar) verbo transitivo ‹funciones/derechos› to limit, restrict
    verbo intransitivo límite con algo [país/finca] to border on sth
    limitarse verbo pronominal:
    ◊ el problema no se limita a las ciudades the problem is not confined o limited to cities;

    me limité a repetir lo dicho I just repeated what was said
    límite sustantivo masculino
    1 (Geog, Pol) boundary
    2 ( tope) limit;

    su ambición no tiene límites his ambition knows no limits;
    sin límites unlimited;
    ¡todo tiene un límite! enough is enough!
    3 ( como adj inv):

    situación límite extreme situation;
    fecha límite deadline
    limitar
    I verbo transitivo to limit, restrict: tengo que limitar mis gastos, I have to limit my spending
    II verbo intransitivo to border: limita al norte con Francia, at North it borders on France
    límite sustantivo masculino
    1 limit
    2 Geog Pol boundary, border: está en el límite de lo legal, it is on the law borderline
    II adjetivo
    1 (tope) limit
    fecha límite, deadline
    (máximo) la temperatura límite es de 200 grados, the maximum temperature is 200 degrees
    situación límite, extreme situation
    ' límite' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    bordear
    - estiramiento
    - extrema
    - extremo
    - fecha
    - freno
    - hasta
    - rebasar
    - salirse
    - sobrepasar
    - techo
    - tope
    - traspasar
    - umbral
    - exceder
    - limitar
    - salir
    English:
    boundary
    - ceiling
    - cut-off
    - deadline
    - designate
    - exceed
    - limit
    - limitless
    - line
    - obsession
    - quota
    - rope
    - time limit
    - border
    - breaking
    - closing
    - credit
    - cut
    - dead
    - sell
    - speed
    * * *
    1. [tope] limit;
    al límite at the limit;
    dentro de un límite within limits;
    tiene una amabilidad sin límites his kindness knows no bounds;
    su pasión no tiene límite her passion knows no bounds;
    está trabajando al límite de sus posibilidades she's working at full stretch;
    estoy al límite de mis fuerzas I've reached the limit of my strength;
    me dejan estar conectado a Internet sin límite de tiempo I have unlimited access to the Internet;
    mi paciencia tiene un límite my patience has limits;
    no hay límite de edad there's no age limit
    Fin límite de crédito credit limit;
    2. [confín] boundary;
    el límite norte de la finca the northernmost boundary of the property
    3. Mat limit
    4. [como adjetivo] [precio, velocidad, edad] maximum;
    [situación] extreme; [caso] borderline;
    fecha límite de entrega: 15 de junio deadline for submissions: 15 June
    * * *
    I m
    1 limit;
    sin límites limitless
    2 ( linea de separación) boundary
    II adj
    :
    situación límite extreme situation;
    caso límite borderline case
    * * *
    1) : boundary, border
    2) : limit
    el límite de mi paciencia: the limit of my patience
    límite de velocidad: speed limit
    3)
    fecha límite : deadline
    * * *
    2. (de territorio) boundary [pl. boundaries]

    Spanish-English dictionary > límite

  • 3 граница

    сущ.
    1. border; 2. boundary; 3. frontier
    Русское существительное граница используется для обозначения границы любого типа территориального разделения. Английские соответствия различают типы границ, которые обозначаются разными словами.
    1. border — граница (имеет наиболее общее значение; нередко включает в себя значение существительного boundary; однако обозначает не только разделительную линию, но и прилегающие к ней по обе стороны территории): border towns — пограничные города; on the border — на границе; northern (old, new) borders — северные (старые, новые) границы; а strongly guarded border — хорошо охраняемая граница; a village on the border between two countries — селение на границе между двумя странами; border incidents — пограничные инциденты; border zone — пограничная зона; along the border — вдоль границы; within one's own borders — в пределах собственных границ; to cross the border — пересечь границу/перейти границу; to patrol the borders — нести пограничную службу; to live not far from the border — жить недалеко от границы The border runs along the river. — Граница проходит по реке. We were met at the border. — Нас встретили на границе. Не waited for us on the border. — Он ждал нас на границе. They travelled along a border road. — Они ехали по дороге, идущей вдоль границы./Они ехали вдоль границы. The guards at the border post would not let him in/through. — Пограничники на пограничном посту не пропустили его. His results were on the border line. — Его результаты были едва удовлетворительными.
    2. boundary , boundaries — граница, разделительная межа (используется, когда речь идет о границе между более мелкими территориями внутри страны; предполагает вполне определенные географические пределы, признаваемые и соблюдаемые обеими сторонами; boundaries используется, когда пределы сопряженных территорий определены достаточно точно и могут быть нанесены на карту): the boundary between our farms — граница между нашими фермами; the boundary between these villages — граница между этими деревнями; the boundary between these towns — граница между этими городами; а boundary stone — межевой знак; to draw a boundary — провести границу The boundary between our farms followed the line of the river. — Граница между нашими фермами проходила вдоль реки. Where are the boundaries of his land? — Где граница его земель? Не stopped the car on the boundary of the city/the city boundary. — Он оставил машину на границе города. Не marked the boundaries of the football field with white paint. — Он обозначил границы футбольного поля белой краской. We stayed within the boundaries of the city walls. — Мы оставались в границах старой городской стены. The boundaries of human knowledge. — Границы человеческого знания./Границы знаний человека. They disagreed about the boundaries of political parties. — У них были разные мнения относительно состава политических партий.
    3. frontier — граница, рубеж (используется для обозначения территориального разделения между странами, штатами и другими типами территорий, более крупных, чем в случае boundary; frontier предполагает укрепленную и охраняемую разделительную полосу с действующим паспортным режимом и таможенной службой; frontier может быть укреплена, например, минным полем, проволочным заграждением со стороны одной страны, что не предполагает таких же укреплений со стороны другой страны): a natural frontier — естественный рубеж; long (well-protected) frontiers — длинные (хорошо защищенные) границы; a frontier town — приграничный город; France's Italian frontier — франко-итальянская граница/граница между Францией и Италией; Russia's Polish frontier — русско-польская граница/граница между Россией и Польшей; to cross the frontier — пересечь границу They were shot trying to cross the frontier. — Они были застрелены при попытке пересечь границу./Их застрелили при попытке пересечь границу. Sweden has frontiers with Norway and Finland. — Швеция граничит с Норвегией и Финляндией. A frontier guard stopped them. — Их остановила пограничная охрана./ Их остановили пограничники. The frontiers of medical knowledge are being pushed further outward as time goes on. — С течением времени расширяются границы познаний в области медицины. The place is close to the frontier between France am Belgium. — Это место недалеко от границы между Францией и Бельгией.

    Русско-английский объяснительный словарь > граница

  • 4 Grenze

    f; -, -n
    1. zwischen Gebieten etc.: boundary, border; zwischen Ländern: border (zu oder nach with), frontier; eine natürliche Grenze bilden zwischen form a natural frontier between; Burghausen liegt an der österreichischen Grenze Burghausen lies on the Austrian border; grün
    2. fig. (Trennlinie) border(line), (dividing) line; (Begrenzung, Schranken) limit(s Pl.); Grenzen der Bescheidenheit, des Möglichen etc.: bounds; obere / untere Grenze upper / lower limit; äußerste Grenze furthest (Am. auch farthest) limit; unter / über der Grenze under / over the limit; an der Grenze on the borderline; es ist hart oder noch an der Grenze umg. it’s pushing it (a bit); in Grenzen within bounds; in Grenzen bleiben oder sich in Grenzen halten keep within (reasonable) bounds ( oder limits); (erträglich sein) be tolerable; seine Begeisterung hielt sich in Grenzen he wasn’t overly enthusiastic; bis an die Grenzen seiner Kraft etc. gehen go to the limit of one’s strength etc.; alles hat seine Grenzen there’s a limit to everything; seine Grenzen kennen know one’s limitations; keine Grenzen kennen oder alle Grenzen übersteigen know no bounds; der Applaus kannte keine Grenzen the applause just wouldn’t stop; Grenzen setzen oder stecken set limits (+ Dat to); dem sind nach oben keine Grenzen gesetzt there’s no upper limit, the sky’s the limit umg.; unserer Freiheit sind Grenzen gesetzt there are limits to our freedom; die Grenzen (des Erlaubten, Erträglichen) überschreiten go too far, overstep the mark; eine ( scharfe) Grenze ziehen draw a (sharp) line; die Grenze ziehen bei draw the line at; ohne Grenzen grenzenlos
    * * *
    die Grenze
    border; verge; frontier; limitation; limit; boundary; edge; bound
    * * *
    Grẹn|ze ['grɛntsə]
    f -, -n
    border; (= Landesgrenze auch) frontier; (= Stadtgrenze, zwischen Grundstücken) boundary; (fig zwischen Begriffen) dividing line, boundary; (fig = äußerstes Maß, Schranke) limits pl, bounds pl

    die Grenze zu Österreich — the border with Austria, the Austrian border

    über die Grenze gehen/fahren — to cross the border

    (bis) zur äußersten Grenze gehen (fig) — to go as far as one can

    jdm Grenzen setzen — to lay down limits for sb

    Grenzen setzen or stecken — to set a limit or limits to sth

    keine Grenzen kennen (fig) — to know no bounds

    seiner Großzügigkeit sind keine Grenzen gesetzt — there is no limit to his generosity

    hart an der Grenze des Möglichen — bordering or verging on the limits of what is possible

    innerhalb seiner Grenzen bleiben (fig) — to stay within one's limits; (finanziell) to live within one's means

    jdn in seine Grenzen verweisen (fig) — to put sb in his place

    sich in Grenzen halten (fig) — to be limited

    die oberste/unterste Grenze (fig) — the upper/lower limit

    ... hinaus (fig) — beyond the bounds of...

    an Grenzen stoßen (fig) — to come up against limiting factors

    * * *
    die
    1) (the boundary of a country: They'll ask for your passport at the border.) border
    2) (the border between one thing and another: He was on the borderline between passing and failing.) border
    3) ((usually in plural) limits of some kind: beyond the bounds of coincidence.) bound
    4) (limits or boundaries: within the confines of the city.) confines
    5) (something that separates; a dividing line: a ditch marks the division between their two fields.) division
    6) (a boundary between countries: We crossed the frontier; ( also adjective) a frontier town.) frontier
    7) (the limits or boundaries (of knowledge etc): the frontiers of scientific knowledge.) frontier
    8) (an edge or border: the margin of the lake.) margin
    9) (the farthest point or place; the boundary: There was no limit to his ambition.) limit
    10) (a restriction: We must put a limit on our spending.) limit
    11) (a lack, eg of a particular facility, ability etc: We all have our limitations.) limitation
    * * *
    Gren·ze
    <-, -n>
    [ˈgrɛntsə]
    f
    1. (Landesgrenze) border, frontier
    die \Grenze zwischen Spanien und Frankreich the border between Spain and France, the Spanish-French border
    die \Grenze zu einem Land the border with sth
    frei \Grenze Lieferland HANDEL free till port/frontier of supplying country
    an der \Grenze on [or along] the border [or frontier]
    über die \Grenze gehen/fahren to cross the border [or frontier
    2. ADMIN, JUR (Trennlinie) border, boundary
    an der \Grenze at the boundary
    3. (natürliche Abgrenzung) boundary
    das Gebirge bildet eine natürliche \Grenze zwischen den beiden Ländern the mountain range forms a natural boundary between the two countries
    4. (äußerstes Maß) limit
    eine zeitliche \Grenze a deadline
    die oberste/unterste \Grenze the upper/lower limit
    alles hat seine \Grenzen there is a limit [or are limits] to everything
    etw kennt keine \Grenzen sth knows no bounds
    seine \Grenzen kennen to know one's limitations
    an \Grenzen stoßen to come up against limiting factors
    die \Grenze des Machbaren/Möglichen/Sittlichen the bounds of feasibility/possibility/morality
    jdm/etw sind [keine/enge] \Grenzen gesetzt [no/tight] restrictions are placed on sb/a thing
    eurer Fantasie sind keine \Grenzen gesetzt your imagination knows no bounds
    5. (gedachte Trennlinie) boundary, dividing line
    6.
    ▶ grüne \Grenze unguarded border [or frontier] area [or zone]
    ▶ sich akk in \Grenzen halten to be limited, to keep within limits
    ▶ nasse \Grenze river forming the/a border [or frontier], water border [or frontier]
    * * *
    die; Grenze, Grenzen
    1) (zwischen Staaten) border; frontier
    3) (gedachte Trennungslinie) borderline; dividing line
    4) (Schranke) limit

    jemandem [keine] Grenzen setzen — impose [no] limits on somebody

    an seine Grenzen stoßen — reach its limit[s]

    sich in Grenzen halten — (begrenzt sein) keep or stay within limits

    * * *
    Grenze f; -, -n
    1. zwischen Gebieten etc: boundary, border; zwischen Ländern: border (
    zu oder
    nach with), frontier;
    eine natürliche Grenze bilden zwischen form a natural frontier between;
    Burghausen liegt an der österreichischen Grenze Burghausen lies on the Austrian border; → grün
    2. fig (Trennlinie) border(line), (dividing) line; (Begrenzung, Schranken) limit(s pl);
    Grenzen der Bescheidenheit, des Möglichen etc: bounds;
    obere/untere Grenze upper/lower limit;
    äußerste Grenze furthest (US auch farthest) limit;
    unter/über der Grenze under/over the limit;
    an der Grenze on the borderline;
    noch an der Grenze umg it’s pushing it (a bit);
    in Grenzen within bounds;
    sich in Grenzen halten keep within (reasonable) bounds ( oder limits); (erträglich sein) be tolerable;
    seine Begeisterung hielt sich in Grenzen he wasn’t overly enthusiastic;
    gehen go to the limit of one’s strength etc;
    alles hat seine Grenzen there’s a limit to everything;
    seine Grenzen kennen know one’s limitations;
    alle Grenzen übersteigen know no bounds;
    der Applaus kannte keine Grenzen the applause just wouldn’t stop;
    stecken set limits (+dat to);
    dem sind nach oben keine Grenzen gesetzt there’s no upper limit, the sky’s the limit umg;
    unserer Freiheit sind Grenzen gesetzt there are limits to our freedom;
    die Grenzen (des Erlaubten, Erträglichen) überschreiten go too far, overstep the mark;
    eine (scharfe) Grenze ziehen draw a (sharp) line;
    die Grenze ziehen bei draw the line at;
    * * *
    die; Grenze, Grenzen
    1) (zwischen Staaten) border; frontier
    3) (gedachte Trennungslinie) borderline; dividing line
    4) (Schranke) limit

    jemandem [keine] Grenzen setzen — impose [no] limits on somebody

    an seine Grenzen stoßen — reach its limit[s]

    sich in Grenzen halten — (begrenzt sein) keep or stay within limits

    seine Leistungen hielten sich in Grenzen — his achievements were not [all that (coll.)] outstanding

    * * *
    -n f.
    border n.
    boundary n.
    confines n.
    frontier n.
    limit n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Grenze

  • 5 Creativity

       Put in this bald way, these aims sound utopian. How utopian they areor rather, how imminent their realization-depends on how broadly or narrowly we interpret the term "creative." If we are willing to regard all human complex problem solving as creative, then-as we will point out-successful programs for problem solving mechanisms that simulate human problem solvers already exist, and a number of their general characteristics are known. If we reserve the term "creative" for activities like discovery of the special theory of relativity or the composition of Beethoven's Seventh Symphony, then no example of a creative mechanism exists at the present time. (Simon, 1979, pp. 144-145)
       Among the questions that can now be given preliminary answers in computational terms are the following: how can ideas from very different sources be spontaneously thought of together? how can two ideas be merged to produce a new structure, which shows the influence of both ancestor ideas without being a mere "cut-and-paste" combination? how can the mind be "primed," so that one will more easily notice serendipitous ideas? why may someone notice-and remember-something fairly uninteresting, if it occurs in an interesting context? how can a brief phrase conjure up an entire melody from memory? and how can we accept two ideas as similar ("love" and "prove" as rhyming, for instance) in respect of a feature not identical in both? The features of connectionist AI models that suggest answers to these questions are their powers of pattern completion, graceful degradation, sensitization, multiple constraint satisfaction, and "best-fit" equilibration.... Here, the important point is that the unconscious, "insightful," associative aspects of creativity can be explained-in outline, at least-by AI methods. (Boden, 1996, p. 273)
       There thus appears to be an underlying similarity in the process involved in creative innovation and social independence, with common traits and postures required for expression of both behaviors. The difference is one of product-literary, musical, artistic, theoretical products on the one hand, opinions on the other-rather than one of process. In both instances the individual must believe that his perceptions are meaningful and valid and be willing to rely upon his own interpretations. He must trust himself sufficiently that even when persons express opinions counter to his own he can proceed on the basis of his own perceptions and convictions. (Coopersmith, 1967, p. 58)
       he average level of ego strength and emotional stability is noticeably higher among creative geniuses than among the general population, though it is possibly lower than among men of comparable intelligence and education who go into administrative and similar positions. High anxiety and excitability appear common (e.g. Priestley, Darwin, Kepler) but full-blown neurosis is quite rare. (Cattell & Butcher, 1970, p. 315)
       he insight that is supposed to be required for such work as discovery turns out to be synonymous with the familiar process of recognition; and other terms commonly used in the discussion of creative work-such terms as "judgment," "creativity," or even "genius"-appear to be wholly dispensable or to be definable, as insight is, in terms of mundane and well-understood concepts. (Simon, 1989, p. 376)
       From the sketch material still in existence, from the condition of the fragments, and from the autographs themselves we can draw definite conclusions about Mozart's creative process. To invent musical ideas he did not need any stimulation; they came to his mind "ready-made" and in polished form. In contrast to Beethoven, who made numerous attempts at shaping his musical ideas until he found the definitive formulation of a theme, Mozart's first inspiration has the stamp of finality. Any Mozart theme has completeness and unity; as a phenomenon it is a Gestalt. (Herzmann, 1964, p. 28)
       Great artists enlarge the limits of one's perception. Looking at the world through the eyes of Rembrandt or Tolstoy makes one able to perceive aspects of truth about the world which one could not have achieved without their aid. Freud believed that science was adaptive because it facilitated mastery of the external world; but was it not the case that many scientific theories, like works of art, also originated in phantasy? Certainly, reading accounts of scientific discovery by men of the calibre of Einstein compelled me to conclude that phantasy was not merely escapist, but a way of reaching new insights concerning the nature of reality. Scientific hypotheses require proof; works of art do not. Both are concerned with creating order, with making sense out of the world and our experience of it. (Storr, 1993, p. xii)
       The importance of self-esteem for creative expression appears to be almost beyond disproof. Without a high regard for himself the individual who is working in the frontiers of his field cannot trust himself to discriminate between the trivial and the significant. Without trust in his own powers the person seeking improved solutions or alternative theories has no basis for distinguishing the significant and profound innovation from the one that is merely different.... An essential component of the creative process, whether it be analysis, synthesis, or the development of a new perspective or more comprehensive theory, is the conviction that one's judgment in interpreting the events is to be trusted. (Coopersmith, 1967, p. 59)
       In the daily stream of thought these four different stages [preparation; incubation; illumination or inspiration; and verification] constantly overlap each other as we explore different problems. An economist reading a Blue Book, a physiologist watching an experiment, or a business man going through his morning's letters, may at the same time be "incubating" on a problem which he proposed to himself a few days ago, be accumulating knowledge in "preparation" for a second problem, and be "verifying" his conclusions to a third problem. Even in exploring the same problem, the mind may be unconsciously incubating on one aspect of it, while it is consciously employed in preparing for or verifying another aspect. (Wallas, 1926, p. 81)
       he basic, bisociative pattern of the creative synthesis [is] the sudden interlocking of two previously unrelated skills, or matrices of thought. (Koestler, 1964, p. 121)
        11) The Earliest Stages in the Creative Process Involve a Commerce with Disorder
       Even to the creator himself, the earliest effort may seem to involve a commerce with disorder. For the creative order, which is an extension of life, is not an elaboration of the established, but a movement beyond the established, or at least a reorganization of it and often of elements not included in it. The first need is therefore to transcend the old order. Before any new order can be defined, the absolute power of the established, the hold upon us of what we know and are, must be broken. New life comes always from outside our world, as we commonly conceive that world. This is the reason why, in order to invent, one must yield to the indeterminate within him, or, more precisely, to certain illdefined impulses which seem to be of the very texture of the ungoverned fullness which John Livingston Lowes calls "the surging chaos of the unexpressed." (Ghiselin, 1985, p. 4)
       New life comes always from outside our world, as we commonly conceive our world. This is the reason why, in order to invent, one must yield to the indeterminate within him, or, more precisely, to certain illdefined impulses which seem to be of the very texture of the ungoverned fullness which John Livingston Lowes calls "the surging chaos of the unexpressed." Chaos and disorder are perhaps the wrong terms for that indeterminate fullness and activity of the inner life. For it is organic, dynamic, full of tension and tendency. What is absent from it, except in the decisive act of creation, is determination, fixity, and commitment to one resolution or another of the whole complex of its tensions. (Ghiselin, 1952, p. 13)
       [P]sychoanalysts have principally been concerned with the content of creative products, and with explaining content in terms of the artist's infantile past. They have paid less attention to examining why the artist chooses his particular activity to express, abreact or sublimate his emotions. In short, they have not made much distinction between art and neurosis; and, since the former is one of the blessings of mankind, whereas the latter is one of the curses, it seems a pity that they should not be better differentiated....
       Psychoanalysis, being fundamentally concerned with drive and motive, might have been expected to throw more light upon what impels the creative person that in fact it has. (Storr, 1993, pp. xvii, 3)
       A number of theoretical approaches were considered. Associative theory, as developed by Mednick (1962), gained some empirical support from the apparent validity of the Remote Associates Test, which was constructed on the basis of the theory.... Koestler's (1964) bisociative theory allows more complexity to mental organization than Mednick's associative theory, and postulates "associative contexts" or "frames of reference." He proposed that normal, non-creative, thought proceeds within particular contexts or frames and that the creative act involves linking together previously unconnected frames.... Simonton (1988) has developed associative notions further and explored the mathematical consequences of chance permutation of ideas....
       Like Koestler, Gruber (1980; Gruber and Davis, 1988) has based his analysis on case studies. He has focused especially on Darwin's development of the theory of evolution. Using piagetian notions, such as assimilation and accommodation, Gruber shows how Darwin's system of ideas changed very slowly over a period of many years. "Moments of insight," in Gruber's analysis, were the culminations of slow long-term processes.... Finally, the information-processing approach, as represented by Simon (1966) and Langley et al. (1987), was considered.... [Simon] points out the importance of good problem representations, both to ensure search is in an appropriate problem space and to aid in developing heuristic evaluations of possible research directions.... The work of Langley et al. (1987) demonstrates how such search processes, realized in computer programs, can indeed discover many basic laws of science from tables of raw data.... Boden (1990a, 1994) has stressed the importance of restructuring the problem space in creative work to develop new genres and paradigms in the arts and sciences. (Gilhooly, 1996, pp. 243-244; emphasis in original)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Creativity

  • 6 confine

    m border
    fra terreni, fig boundary
    * * *
    confine s.m.
    1 border, frontier, boundary, confines (pl.): il confine fra l'Italia e l'Austria, the border (o frontier) between Italy and Austria; entro i confini della nostra patria, within the borders of our country; linea di confine, boundary line; palo di confine, boundary post; stazione di confine, frontier station; territorio di confine, borderland; segno di confine, boundary marker // (dir.): confine, ( tra fondi rustici) landmark; collocare i confini, to set out the boundary markers
    2 (fig.) limit, boundary; frontiers (pl.): i confini del sapere, the frontiers of knowledge; confine culturale, linguistico, cultural, linguistic boundary // oltrepassare i confini, to go beyond the limit // essere al confine tra la vita e la morte, to be on the border between life and death.
    * * *
    [kon'fine]
    sostantivo maschile
    1) border, boundary

    il confine tra l'Italia e la Francia — Italy's border with France, the frontier between Italy and France

    2) fig.

    senza -i — boundless, endless

    •

    confine di stato — national boundary, state line

    * * *
    confine
    /kon'fine/
    sostantivo m.
     1 border, boundary; - i della città city boundary o limits; il confine tra l'Italia e la Francia Italy's border with France, the frontier between Italy and France; zona di confine borderland; passare il confine to cross the border
     2 fig. senza -i boundless, endless; i -i del sapere the frontiers of knowledge; il confine tra il bene e il male the border(line) between good and evil; ai -i del mondo to the ends of the earth
    confine di stato national boundary, state line.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > confine

  • 7 технологии для автоматизации

    1. automation technologies

     

    технологии для автоматизации
    -
    [Интент]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    Automation technologies: a strong focal point for our R&D

    Технологии для автоматизации - одна из главных тем наших научно исследовательских разработок

    Automation is an area of ABB’s business with an extremely high level of technological innovation.

    Автоматика относится к одной из областей деятельности компании АББ, для которой характерен исключительно высокий уровень технических инноваций.

    In fact, it may be seen as a showcase for exhibiting the frontiers of development in several of today’s emerging technologies, like short-range wireless communication and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).

    В определенном смысле ее можно уподобить витрине, в которой выставлены передовые разработки из области только еще зарождающихся технологий, примерами которых являются ближняя беспроводная связь и микроэлектромеханические системы (micro electromechanical systems MEMS).

    Mechatronics – the synthesis of mechanics and electronics – is another very exciting and rapidly developing area, and the foundation on which ABB has built its highly successful, fast-growing robotics business.

    Еще одной исключительно интересной быстро развивающейся областью и в то же время фундаментом, на котором АББ в последнее время строит свой исключительно успешный и быстро расширяющийся бизнес в области робототехники, является мехатроника - синтез механики с электроникой.

    Robotic precision has now reached the levels we have come to expect of the watch-making industry, while robots’ mechanical capabilities continue to improve significantly.

    Точность работы робототехнических устройств достигла сегодня уровней, которые мы привыкли ожидать только на предприятиях часовой промышленности. Большими темпами продолжают расти и механические возможности роботов.

    Behind the scenes, highly sophisticated electronics and software control every move these robots make.

    А за кулисами всеми перемещениями робота управляют сложные электронные устройства и компьютерные программы.

    Throughout industry today we see a major shift of ‘intelligence’ to lower levels in the automation system hierarchy, leading to a demand for more communication within the system.

    Во всех отраслях промышленности сегодня наблюдается интенсивный перенос "интеллекта" на нижние уровни иерархии автоматизированных систем, что требует дальнейшего развития внутрисистемных средств обмена.

    ‘Smart’ transmitters, with powerful microprocessors, memory chips and special software, carry out vital operations close to the processes they are monitoring.

    "Интеллектуальные" датчики, снабженные высокопроизводительными микропроцессорами, мощными чипами памяти и специальным программно-математическим обеспечением, выполняют особо ответственные операции в непосредственной близости от контролируемых процессов.

    And they capture and store data crucial for remote diagnostics and maintenance.

    Они же обеспечивают возможность измерения и регистрации информации, крайне необходимой для дистанционной диагностики и дистанционного обслуживания техники.

    The communication highway linking such systems is provided by fieldbuses.

    В качестве коммуникационных магистралей, связывающих такого рода системы, служат промышленные шины fieldbus.

    In an ideal world there would be no more than a few, preferably just one, fieldbus standard.

    В идеале на промышленные шины должно было бы существовать небольшое количество, а лучше всего вообще только один стандарт.

    However, there are still too many of them, so ABB has developed ‘fieldbus plugs’ that, with the help of translation, enable devices to communicate across different standards.

    К сожалению, на деле количество их типов продолжает оставаться слишком разнообразным. Ввиду этой особенности рынка промышленных шин компанией АББ разработаны "штепсельные разъемы", которые с помощью средств преобразования обеспечивают общение различных устройств вопреки границам, возникшим из-за различий в стандартах.

    This makes life easier as well as less costly for our customers. Every automation system is dependent on an electrical network for distributing – and interrupting, when necessary – the power needed to carry out its various functions.

    Это, безусловно, не только облегчает, но и удешевляет жизнь нашим заказчикам. Ни одна система автоматики не может работать без сети, обеспечивающей подачу, а при необходимости и отключение напряжения, необходимого для выполнения автоматикой своих задач.

    Here, too, we see a clear trend toward more intelligence and communication, for example in traditional electromechanical devices such as contactors and switches.

    И здесь наблюдаются отчетливо выраженные тенденции к повышению уровня интеллектуальности и расширению возможностей связи, например, в таких традиционных электромеханических устройствах, как контакторы и выключатели.

    We are pleased to see that our R&D efforts in these areas over the past few years are bearing fruit.

    Мы с удовлетворением отмечаем, что научно-исследовательские разработки, выполненные нами за последние годы в названных областях, начинают приносить свои плоды.

    Recently, we have seen a strong increase in the use of wireless technology in industry.

    В последнее время на промышленных предприятиях наблюдается резкое расширение применения техники беспроводной связи.

    This is a key R&D area at ABB, and several prototype applications have already been developed.

    В компании АББ эта область также относится к числу одной из ключевых тем научно-исследовательских разработок, результатом которых стало создание ряда опытных образцов изделий практического направления.

    At the international Bluetooth Conference in Amsterdam in June 2002, we presented a truly ‘wire-less’ proximity sensor – with even a wireless power supply.

    На международной конференции по системам Bluetooth, состоявшейся в Амстердаме в июне 2002 г., наши специалисты выступили с докладом о поистине "беспроводном" датчике ближней локации, снабженном опять-таки "беспроводным" источником питания.

    This was its second major showing after the launch at the Hanover Fair.

    На столь крупном мероприятии это устройство демонстрировалось во второй раз после своего первого показа на Ганноверской торгово-промышленной ярмарке.

    Advances in microelectronic device technology are also having a profound impact on the power electronics systems around which modern drive systems are built.

    Достижения в области микроэлектроники оказывают также глубокое влияние на системы силовой электроники, лежащие в основе современных приводных устройств.

    The ABB drive family ACS 800 is visible proof of this.

    Наглядным тому доказательством может служить линейка блоков регулирования частоты вращения электродвигателей ACS-800, производство которой начато компанией АББ.

    Combining advanced trench gate IGBT technology with efficient cooling and innovative design, this drive – for motors rated from 1.1 to 500 kW – has a footprint for some power ranges which is six times smaller than competing systems.

    Предназначены они для двигателей мощностью от 1,1 до 500 кВт. В блоках применена новейшая разновидность приборов - биполярные транзисторы с изолированным желобковым затвором (trench gate IGBT) в сочетании с новыми конструктивными решениями, благодаря чему в отдельных диапазонах мощностей габариты блоков удалось снизить по сравнению с конкурирующими изделиями в шесть раз.

    To get the maximum benefit out of this innovative drive solution we have also developed a new permanent magnet motor.

    Стремясь с максимальной пользой использовать новые блоки регулирования, мы параллельно с ними разработали новый двигатель с постоянными магнитами.

    It uses neodymium iron boron, a magnetic material which is more powerful at room temperature than any other known today.

    В нем применен новый магнитный материал на основе неодима, железа и бора, характеристики которого при комнатной температуре на сегодняшний день не имеют себе равных.

    The combination of new drive and new motor reduces losses by as much as 30%, lowering energy costs and improving sustainability – both urgently necessary – at the same time.

    Совместное использование нового блока регулирования частоты вращения с новым двигателем снижает потери мощности до 30 %, что позволяет решить сразу две исключительно актуальные задачи:
    сократить затраты на электроэнергию и повысить уровень безотказности.

    These innovations are utilized most fully, and yield the maximum benefit, when integrated by means of our Industrial IT architecture.

    Потенциал перечисленных выше новых разработок используется в наиболее полной степени, а сами они приносят максимальную выгоду, если их интеграция осуществлена на основе нашей архитектуры IndustrialIT.

    Industrial IT is a unique platform for exploiting the full potential of information technology in industrial applications.

    IndustrialIT представляет собой уникальную платформу, позволяющую в максимальной степени использовать возможности информационных технологий применительно к задачам промышленности.

    Consequently, our new products and technologies are Industrial IT Enabled, meaning that they can be integrated in the Industrial IT architecture in a ‘plug and produce’ manner.

    Именно поэтому все наши новые изделия и технологии выпускаются в варианте, совместимом с архитектурой IndustrialIT, что означает их способность к интеграции с этой архитектурой по принципу "подключи и производи".

    We are excited to present in this issue of ABB Review some of our R&D work and a selection of achievements in such a vital area of our business as Automation.

    Мы рады представить в настоящем номере "АББ ревю" некоторые из наших научно-исследовательских разработок и достижений в такой жизненно важной для нашего бизнеса области, как автоматика.

    R&D investment in our corporate technology programs is the foundation on which our product and system innovation is built.

    Вклад наших разработок в общекорпоративные технологические программы группы АББ служит основой для реализации новых технических решений в создаваемых нами устройствах и системах.

    Examples abound in the areas of control engineering, MEMS, wireless communication, materials – and, last but not least, software technologies. Enjoy reading about them.
    [ABB Review]

    Это подтверждается многочисленными примерами из области техники управления, микроэлектромеханических систем, ближней радиосвязи, материаловедения и не в последнюю очередь программотехники. Хотелось бы пожелать читателю получить удовольствие от чтения этих материалов.
    [Перевод Интент]

    Тематики

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > технологии для автоматизации

  • 8 automation technologies

    1. технологии для автоматизации

     

    технологии для автоматизации
    -
    [Интент]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    Automation technologies: a strong focal point for our R&D

    Технологии для автоматизации - одна из главных тем наших научно исследовательских разработок

    Automation is an area of ABB’s business with an extremely high level of technological innovation.

    Автоматика относится к одной из областей деятельности компании АББ, для которой характерен исключительно высокий уровень технических инноваций.

    In fact, it may be seen as a showcase for exhibiting the frontiers of development in several of today’s emerging technologies, like short-range wireless communication and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).

    В определенном смысле ее можно уподобить витрине, в которой выставлены передовые разработки из области только еще зарождающихся технологий, примерами которых являются ближняя беспроводная связь и микроэлектромеханические системы (micro electromechanical systems MEMS).

    Mechatronics – the synthesis of mechanics and electronics – is another very exciting and rapidly developing area, and the foundation on which ABB has built its highly successful, fast-growing robotics business.

    Еще одной исключительно интересной быстро развивающейся областью и в то же время фундаментом, на котором АББ в последнее время строит свой исключительно успешный и быстро расширяющийся бизнес в области робототехники, является мехатроника - синтез механики с электроникой.

    Robotic precision has now reached the levels we have come to expect of the watch-making industry, while robots’ mechanical capabilities continue to improve significantly.

    Точность работы робототехнических устройств достигла сегодня уровней, которые мы привыкли ожидать только на предприятиях часовой промышленности. Большими темпами продолжают расти и механические возможности роботов.

    Behind the scenes, highly sophisticated electronics and software control every move these robots make.

    А за кулисами всеми перемещениями робота управляют сложные электронные устройства и компьютерные программы.

    Throughout industry today we see a major shift of ‘intelligence’ to lower levels in the automation system hierarchy, leading to a demand for more communication within the system.

    Во всех отраслях промышленности сегодня наблюдается интенсивный перенос "интеллекта" на нижние уровни иерархии автоматизированных систем, что требует дальнейшего развития внутрисистемных средств обмена.

    ‘Smart’ transmitters, with powerful microprocessors, memory chips and special software, carry out vital operations close to the processes they are monitoring.

    "Интеллектуальные" датчики, снабженные высокопроизводительными микропроцессорами, мощными чипами памяти и специальным программно-математическим обеспечением, выполняют особо ответственные операции в непосредственной близости от контролируемых процессов.

    And they capture and store data crucial for remote diagnostics and maintenance.

    Они же обеспечивают возможность измерения и регистрации информации, крайне необходимой для дистанционной диагностики и дистанционного обслуживания техники.

    The communication highway linking such systems is provided by fieldbuses.

    В качестве коммуникационных магистралей, связывающих такого рода системы, служат промышленные шины fieldbus.

    In an ideal world there would be no more than a few, preferably just one, fieldbus standard.

    В идеале на промышленные шины должно было бы существовать небольшое количество, а лучше всего вообще только один стандарт.

    However, there are still too many of them, so ABB has developed ‘fieldbus plugs’ that, with the help of translation, enable devices to communicate across different standards.

    К сожалению, на деле количество их типов продолжает оставаться слишком разнообразным. Ввиду этой особенности рынка промышленных шин компанией АББ разработаны "штепсельные разъемы", которые с помощью средств преобразования обеспечивают общение различных устройств вопреки границам, возникшим из-за различий в стандартах.

    This makes life easier as well as less costly for our customers. Every automation system is dependent on an electrical network for distributing – and interrupting, when necessary – the power needed to carry out its various functions.

    Это, безусловно, не только облегчает, но и удешевляет жизнь нашим заказчикам. Ни одна система автоматики не может работать без сети, обеспечивающей подачу, а при необходимости и отключение напряжения, необходимого для выполнения автоматикой своих задач.

    Here, too, we see a clear trend toward more intelligence and communication, for example in traditional electromechanical devices such as contactors and switches.

    И здесь наблюдаются отчетливо выраженные тенденции к повышению уровня интеллектуальности и расширению возможностей связи, например, в таких традиционных электромеханических устройствах, как контакторы и выключатели.

    We are pleased to see that our R&D efforts in these areas over the past few years are bearing fruit.

    Мы с удовлетворением отмечаем, что научно-исследовательские разработки, выполненные нами за последние годы в названных областях, начинают приносить свои плоды.

    Recently, we have seen a strong increase in the use of wireless technology in industry.

    В последнее время на промышленных предприятиях наблюдается резкое расширение применения техники беспроводной связи.

    This is a key R&D area at ABB, and several prototype applications have already been developed.

    В компании АББ эта область также относится к числу одной из ключевых тем научно-исследовательских разработок, результатом которых стало создание ряда опытных образцов изделий практического направления.

    At the international Bluetooth Conference in Amsterdam in June 2002, we presented a truly ‘wire-less’ proximity sensor – with even a wireless power supply.

    На международной конференции по системам Bluetooth, состоявшейся в Амстердаме в июне 2002 г., наши специалисты выступили с докладом о поистине "беспроводном" датчике ближней локации, снабженном опять-таки "беспроводным" источником питания.

    This was its second major showing after the launch at the Hanover Fair.

    На столь крупном мероприятии это устройство демонстрировалось во второй раз после своего первого показа на Ганноверской торгово-промышленной ярмарке.

    Advances in microelectronic device technology are also having a profound impact on the power electronics systems around which modern drive systems are built.

    Достижения в области микроэлектроники оказывают также глубокое влияние на системы силовой электроники, лежащие в основе современных приводных устройств.

    The ABB drive family ACS 800 is visible proof of this.

    Наглядным тому доказательством может служить линейка блоков регулирования частоты вращения электродвигателей ACS-800, производство которой начато компанией АББ.

    Combining advanced trench gate IGBT technology with efficient cooling and innovative design, this drive – for motors rated from 1.1 to 500 kW – has a footprint for some power ranges which is six times smaller than competing systems.

    Предназначены они для двигателей мощностью от 1,1 до 500 кВт. В блоках применена новейшая разновидность приборов - биполярные транзисторы с изолированным желобковым затвором (trench gate IGBT) в сочетании с новыми конструктивными решениями, благодаря чему в отдельных диапазонах мощностей габариты блоков удалось снизить по сравнению с конкурирующими изделиями в шесть раз.

    To get the maximum benefit out of this innovative drive solution we have also developed a new permanent magnet motor.

    Стремясь с максимальной пользой использовать новые блоки регулирования, мы параллельно с ними разработали новый двигатель с постоянными магнитами.

    It uses neodymium iron boron, a magnetic material which is more powerful at room temperature than any other known today.

    В нем применен новый магнитный материал на основе неодима, железа и бора, характеристики которого при комнатной температуре на сегодняшний день не имеют себе равных.

    The combination of new drive and new motor reduces losses by as much as 30%, lowering energy costs and improving sustainability – both urgently necessary – at the same time.

    Совместное использование нового блока регулирования частоты вращения с новым двигателем снижает потери мощности до 30 %, что позволяет решить сразу две исключительно актуальные задачи:
    сократить затраты на электроэнергию и повысить уровень безотказности.

    These innovations are utilized most fully, and yield the maximum benefit, when integrated by means of our Industrial IT architecture.

    Потенциал перечисленных выше новых разработок используется в наиболее полной степени, а сами они приносят максимальную выгоду, если их интеграция осуществлена на основе нашей архитектуры IndustrialIT.

    Industrial IT is a unique platform for exploiting the full potential of information technology in industrial applications.

    IndustrialIT представляет собой уникальную платформу, позволяющую в максимальной степени использовать возможности информационных технологий применительно к задачам промышленности.

    Consequently, our new products and technologies are Industrial IT Enabled, meaning that they can be integrated in the Industrial IT architecture in a ‘plug and produce’ manner.

    Именно поэтому все наши новые изделия и технологии выпускаются в варианте, совместимом с архитектурой IndustrialIT, что означает их способность к интеграции с этой архитектурой по принципу "подключи и производи".

    We are excited to present in this issue of ABB Review some of our R&D work and a selection of achievements in such a vital area of our business as Automation.

    Мы рады представить в настоящем номере "АББ ревю" некоторые из наших научно-исследовательских разработок и достижений в такой жизненно важной для нашего бизнеса области, как автоматика.

    R&D investment in our corporate technology programs is the foundation on which our product and system innovation is built.

    Вклад наших разработок в общекорпоративные технологические программы группы АББ служит основой для реализации новых технических решений в создаваемых нами устройствах и системах.

    Examples abound in the areas of control engineering, MEMS, wireless communication, materials – and, last but not least, software technologies. Enjoy reading about them.
    [ABB Review]

    Это подтверждается многочисленными примерами из области техники управления, микроэлектромеханических систем, ближней радиосвязи, материаловедения и не в последнюю очередь программотехники. Хотелось бы пожелать читателю получить удовольствие от чтения этих материалов.
    [Перевод Интент]

    Тематики

    EN

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > automation technologies

  • 9 dentro

    1. prep in, inside
    ( entro) within
    dentro di sé inwardly
    2. adv in, inside
    ( nell'intimo) inwardly
    qui/lì dentro in here/there
    colloq metter dentro put inside or away colloq
    * * *
    dentro avv.
    1 in, (form.) within; ( all'interno) inside, indoors: ci sono troppi mobili dentro questa stanza, there's too much furniture in this room; fa freddo fuori, conviene stare dentro, it's cold outside, we'd better stay indoors; venite dentro, come inside (o indoors); ci sono le istruzioni dentro?, are the instructions inside?; chissà che cosa ci sarà dentro!, I wonder what's inside; andiamo dentro a dare un'occhiata, let's go and have a look inside // dentro e fuori, inside and outside (o indoors and outdoors) // qui dentro, inside here // lì dentro, inside there // da dentro, from inside // di dentro, inside // in dentro → indentro
    2 (fam.) ( in prigione) inside: andare dentro, to go inside; mettere dentro, to put inside; ha passato tre anni dentro, he spent three years inside
    3 (fig.) ( interiormente) inwardly; within: sentii dentro una grande pena, I felt great pain within; sembrava indifferente, ma dentro soffriva, she seemed indifferent but was inwardly upset
    ◆ prep.
    1 ( posizione, stato) in, inside; ( entro) within: dentro il box ci sono due macchine, there are two cars in the garage; non c'era nessuno dentro la casa, there was no one in (o inside) the house; le forbici sono dentro il cassetto, the scissors are in the drawer; dentro (al) le mura della città, inside (o within) the city walls // dentro casa, indoors // dentro di me pensai..., I thought to myself... // covare odio dentro di sé, to nurse hatred // essere dentro a qlco., (fig.) to be in on sthg. // darci dentro, (fam.) to get going
    2 ( con verbi di moto) into: il corteo entrò dentro la chiesa, the procession went into the church; mi spinsero dentro la macchina, they pushed me into the car
    3 ( riferito a tempo) within: dentro l'anno, il mese, within the year, the month
    ◆ s.m. inside [cfr. didentro ]: il (di) fuori e il (di) dentro di una casa, inside and outside a house; la porta è bloccata dal di dentro, the door is locked on the inside; la finestra si apre dal di dentro, the window opens from the inside.
    * * *
    ['dentro]
    1. avv
    1) (all'interno) inside, (in casa) indoors

    qui/là dentro — in here/there

    col freddo che c'era, dentro si stava bene — with the cold weather we were better off indoors

    darci dentro fig fam — to slog away, work hard

    2) (fam : in carcere) inside
    3) (fig : nell'intimo) inwardly

    sentire qc dentro — to feel sth deep down inside o.s.

    tenere tutto dentro — to keep everything bottled up (inside o.s.)

    2. prep

    dentro (a) — in

    dentro le mura/i confini — within the walls/frontiers

    è dentro alla politica/agli affari — he's involved in politics/business

    dentro di me pensai... — I thought to myself...

    3. sm
    * * *
    ['dentro] 1.
    1) (all'interno) in, inside

    non dovresti tenerti tutto dentro — fig. you shoudn't bottle things up

    guardare dentro se stesso — fig. to look inwards

    2) colloq. (in prigione)

    mettere dentro qcn. — to put away sb

    2.
    1) (stato) in, inside; (moto) into, inside

    mettere qcs. dentro una scatola — to put sth. into a box

    3.
    sostantivo maschile
    * * *
    dentro
    /'dentro/
    Come preposizione, dentro si rende con in per il valore di stato in luogo, con into per il moto a luogo, e con inside se si vuole sottolineare lo stato o il moto in relazione a un luogo chiuso: la collana era chiusa dentro la cassaforte = the necklace was locked in the safe; l'insegnante sta entrando dentro la nostra aula = the teacher is going into our classroom; è dentro la chiesa = he is inside the church; è appena andato dentro al garage = he's just driven inside the garage. - Per altri usi ed esempi, si veda la voce qui sotto.
     1 (all'interno) in, inside; c'è qualcosa dentro there's something in it; qui dentro in here; vieni dentro! come in! guardare dentro to look inside; pranziamo dentro! let's eat indoors! non dovresti tenerti tutto dentro fig. you shoudn't bottle things up; guardare dentro se stesso fig. to look inwards
     2 colloq. (in prigione) essere dentro per omicidio to be in for murder; mettere dentro qcn. to put away sb.
     1 (stato) in, inside; (moto) into, inside; dentro la scatola inside the box; mettere qcs. dentro una scatola to put sth. into a box; dentro le mura della città within the city walls
     2 dentro di sospirare dentro di sé to give an inward sigh
    III sostantivo m.
      il dentro the inside.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > dentro

  • 10 possible

    possible [pɔsibl]
    1. adjective
    possible ; [projet, entreprise] feasible
    • il est possible/il n'est pas possible de... it is possible/impossible to...
    • c'est (bien) possible/très possible possibly/very possibly
    • venez aussi vite/aussitôt que possible come as quickly/as soon as possible
    • venez le plus vite/tôt possible come as quickly/as soon as you (possibly) can
    • est-ce possible ! I don't believe it!
    • c'est pas possible ! (inf) (faux) that can't be right! ; (étonnant) well I never! (inf) ; (irréalisable) it's out of the question!
    • ce n'est pas possible d'être aussi bête ! how stupid can you get! (inf)
    2. masculine noun
    • essayons, dans les limites du possible, de... let's try, as far as possible, to...
    * * *
    pɔsibl
    1.
    1) ( réalisable) possible

    limiter les déplacements autant que possible — to keep travelling [BrE] down to a minimum

    2) ( potentiel) possible

    il n'y a pas d'erreur possible, c'est lui — it's him, without a shadow of a doubt

    (ce n'est) pas possible! — (colloq) ( surprise) I don't believe it!; ( ironie) you're joking!

    ‘tu vas acheter une voiture?’ - ‘possible’ — ‘are you going to buy a car?’ - ‘maybe’

    3) (colloq) ( acceptable)

    pas possible — impossible, awful; ( croyable)


    2.
    nom masculin

    elle est bête au possible — (colloq) she's as stupid as they come

    * * *
    pɔsibl adj
    1) (= envisageable, vraisemblable) possible

    Alain leur a dit que ce n'était pas possible. — Alain told them it wasn't possible.

    Il travaille le moins possible. — He works as little as possible.

    2) (= réalisable) (projet, entreprise) feasible
    3) (nm)

    Je ferai tout mon possible. — I'll do all I can.

    * * *
    A adj
    1 ( réalisable) possible; si (c'est) possible if possible; dès que possible as soon as possible; un accord devrait être possible it should be possible to come to an agreement; la construction d'un tel bâtiment dans notre ville n'est pas possible it is not possible to build such a building in our town; nous avons fait tout ce qui était possible pour les aider we did everything possible to help them; techniquement c'est possible it's technically possible; je viendrai chaque fois que cela sera possible I'll come whenever I can; il est toujours possible de renoncer it's always possible to give up; ce n'est pas possible autrement there's no other way of doing it; il ne me sera pas possible de me déplacer aujourd'hui I won't be able to get out today; il ne lui sera pas possible d'être chez vous avant midi he won't be able to get to you before noon; cela ne me sera pas possible si on ne m'accorde pas plus de moyens financiers I won't be able to do it unless I'm given more funds; rendre qch possible to make sth possible; désolé, ce n'est pas possible ( refus) I'm sorry, it's just not possible; toutes les précautions possibles every possible precaution; tout le courage possible the utmost courage; toute la volonté possible every determination; tous les cas possibles et imaginables every conceivable case; faire preuve de toute l'énergie possible et imaginable to be extremely energetic; le plus cher possible [vendre] at the highest possible price; se lever le plus tôt possible to get up as early as possible; le plus possible près de la gare as close to the station as possible; recule le plus possible go back as far as you can; en faire le plus/moins possible to do as much/little as possible; je vous souhaite un séjour le plus agréable possible I wish you a most pleasant stay; le plus de renseignements possible as much information as possible; diffuser une revue le plus largement possible to distribute a magazine as widely as possible; hachez le plus finement possible chop as finely as possible; aller le plus loin possible to go as far away as possible ou as one can; je vais retarder le plus possible mon départ I'm going to delay my departure as much as I can; le plus rapidement/tôt possible as quickly/soon as possible; payer le moins possible to pay as little as possible; faire le moins de fautes possible dans une dictée to make as few mistakes as possible in a dictation; essayer de faire le moins de mal possible to try to do the least possible harm; autant que possible as much as possible; limiter les déplacements autant que possible to keep travelling down to a minimum;
    2 ( potentiel) possible; il n'y a pas d'erreur possible, c'est lui it's him, without a shadow of a doubt; il n'y a aucune erreur possible sur l'identité du meurtrier there can be no doubt as to the identity of the murderer; on annonce de possibles perturbations sur les lignes aériennes there is a possibility of disruptions to airlines; nous avons sélectionné de possibles candidats we have selected some potential candidates; tout est possible anything is possible; (ce n'est) pas possible○ ( surprise) I don't believe it; ( ironie) you're joking; est-ce possible! iron can this be possible?, did I hear you correctly?; il m'attend? (c'est) possible, mais il… he's waiting for me? maybe he is, but he…; que vous ayez des ennuis cela est fort possible, mais… I'm sure you do have problems, but…; ce n'est pas possible d'être aussi bête how can anyone be so stupid?; ce n'est pas possible, il pleut encore I don't believe it, it's raining again!; ‘tu vas acheter une voiture?’-‘possible’ ‘are you going to buy a car?’-‘maybe’;
    3 ○( acceptable) pas possible impossible, awful; ( croyable) pas possible unbelievable; il a une femme pas possible his wife is impossible ou awful; il a un accent pas possible he has an atrocious accent; être d'une lenteur pas possible to be awfully ou unbelievably slow; être d'une bêtise pas possible to be incredibly stupid; il a une chance pas possible he's incredibly ou unbelievably lucky.
    B nm le possible that which is possible; rester dans le domaine du possible to be within the realms of possibility; faire (tout) son possible to do one's best; faire (tout) son possible pour faire to do everything in one's power to do; je ferai mon possible pour venir I'll do my best to come; elle est bête au possible○ she's as stupid as they come.
    [pɔsibl] adjectif
    1. [réalisable - généralement] possible ; [ - construction] feasible
    il est possible de dire/de faire it is possible to say/to do
    [par exagération]
    il faut qu'on divorce, ce n'est pas possible autrement we've got to get a divorce, it's the only solution
    on a dû le pousser, ce n'est pas possible autrement! somebody MUST have pushed him!
    il est pas possible, ce mec! (familier) this guy's just too much!
    2. [probable] possible
    il t'aime — c'est bien possible, mais moi pas! he loves you — quite possibly ou that's as may be, but I don't love him!
    3. [pour exprimer l'étonnement]
    pas possible! c'est ta fille? (familier) is this your daughter? well, I never!
    4. [envisageable - interprétation, explication, option] possible
    5. [potentiel] possible
    il a eu tous les problèmes possibles et imaginables pour récupérer son argent he had all kinds of problems getting his money back
    il mange le plus/le moins de gâteaux possible ou possibles he eats as many/as few cakes as possible
    ————————
    [pɔsibl] nom masculin
    c'est dans le domaine du possible it's within the bounds of possibility, it's quite possible
    faire (tout) son possible to do one's best ou all one (possibly) can ou one's utmost
    ————————
    au possible locution adverbiale
    elle a été désagréable/serviable au possible she couldn't have been more unpleasant/helpful

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > possible

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